Riveting machine



J. R. FREEZE RIVETING MACHINE 9 Sheets-511w t.

File Feb. 1

I N VEN TOR. J 6 @5525.

TORNE Y.

Sept. 23 1924.

J. R. FREEZE RIVETING MACHINE Filed Feb. 1, 1922 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 I NVENTOR. Jff/ZEEZL W B /Mai WA? Sept. 23 1924.

J. R. FREEZE RIVETING MACHINE 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. J/f/ZPQEZE.

Filed Feb. 1, 1922 Sept. 23, I924.

J. R. FREEZE RIVETING MACHINE Sept. 23 1924.

J. R. FREEZE RIYETING MACHINE Filed Feb. 1, 1922 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 Sept.23 1924.

J. R. FREEZE RIVETING MACHINE Filed Feb. 1, 1922 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 l N VEN TOR. Jfifiszza 3 1924. R. EEZE VETING MACHINE n d F 192' INVENTOR, JT'EEZE.

Sept. 23 1924;

J. R. FREEZE RIVETING MACHINE Filed Feb. 1 1922 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 INVE Jfi ksszs.

ATTORNEY.

' eting toge Patented Sept. 23, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JONATHAN R. FREEZE, F NIIDDLETOWN, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO RUDD HARDESTY,TRUSTEE, DENVER, COLORADO.

RIVETING MACHINE.

Application filed February 1, 1922. Serial No. 533,356.

To all'wfwm it may concern; Y

Be it known that I, JONATHAN R.FREEZE, a citizen of the UnitedState-s,residing at Middletown, in the county of Butler and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Riveting Machines, ofwhich thefollowing is a specification.-

My invention relates to riveting machines and more particularlytomachines for 'rivt ier the lapping edge portions of metalpipes of thekind used in drainage and irrigation systems.

It is an object of my invention to provide a power-driven mechanism ofsimpleand practical construction which by a series of periodicallyrecurring movements in a cyclic operation, automatically fastens thelapping portions of a pipe-section together by one or more rows ofequidistantly spaced rivets.

Another object of my invention is to provide in a machine of theabove'described character, a contrivance of novel construction which inthe operation of the machine, feeds rivets obtained from a suitablemagazine, singly and at regular intervals to holes in the parts to befastened together.

A further object of the invention is to provide a convenient andeflici'e'nt means to automatically advance the work at regularpredetermined intervals whereby to space the rivets at equal distancesalong the length thereof, and still other objects reside in details ofconstruction and novel arrangements of co-operating elements, all ofwhich will fully appear in the following description taken in connectionwith the accompanying drawings in which an embodi seams of metal pipesections, its construc- It should be further understood that while Ihave shown and described the cooperatively associated elements of themachine in the simplest and most practical form at present known to me,variations in their arrangement and individual construe- Figure 2, anend view of the machine looking in the direction of the arrow C,

Figure 1 and drawn to an enlarged scale; Figure 3, an enlarged sectionon the line 3-3, Figure 1 Figure 4, a sectiontahen on the line 44,Figure 3;

Figure 5, a plan view of the head end of the mandrel of the machine,lookingin the direction of the arrow placed across the line 5+-5 inFigure 1 and drawn to a relatively larger scale 5 r Figure 6, alongitudinal section along the line 66, Figure 5;

Figure 7, an enlarged fragmentarysection on-the line 7f7, Figure 5;

Figure 8, a transverse section on the line 8-8, Figure 5;

Figure 9, a similar section taken on the line 9-9, Figureo; Figure 10, asection on the line 10 -10, Figure 5;

Figure 11, a section similar to that of- Figure 7 showing the jaws atthe end of the rivet feed'tube in the position they assume for thepassage of the rivet to a hole of the work;

Figure 12, an enlarged sectional elevation of the rivet feed mechanismat the feed end of the machine;

Figure 13, an enlarged section on the' line 1313, Figure 1 correspondingwith the line 1313 in Figure 12;

Figure 14, a section taken on the line 14-14, Figure 12;

Figure 15, a section on the line 1515, Figure 12; v

Figure 16, a fragmentary side view of one of the stripping blades at theentrance to the rivet chute of the feed mechanism, looking in thedirection of the arrowD,'

Figure 13;

Figure 17, an enlarged sectional elevation of the timing element of the,feed mechanism taken on the line 1717, Figure 12;

Figure 18, a section on the line l818, Figure 17;

Figure 19, a section taken on the line 19-19, Figure 17;

Figure 20, a section on the line 20-20, Figure 17 Figure 21, a sectionon the line EMF-21, Figure 18;

Figure 22, a sectional view of the lower portion of the riveting andpunching tool taken on the line 22 2 Figure 3, drawn to an enlargedscale;

Figure 23, a section on theline 2323, F gure 2; v v

Figure 24, a side elevation of the cutoff valve of the feed mechanism;-V

; Figure 25, an end-view of thesame looking gin the direction of thearrow E, Figure 24;

Figure 2G, a perspective view of an end portionof a pipe riveted by theoperation of the machine;

; Figure 27, a sectionalelevation of the feed end'of the machine,showing a mechanical means for feeding the rivets to the riveting headat the end of the mandrel, this being a modification of the air-feedshown in the other views;

Figure 28, a cross-section on the line 28-28., Figure 27;

,IT-igure 29, a similar section taken on the line 2929, Figure 27 andFigure. 30, an enlarged sectional elevation of the valve whichautomatically controls the sup-ply of air in the operation of themachine, and the mechanism which operates the valve.

Referring more specifically to the drawings, the reference character 2designates the base frame of the machine, which in the con structionshown consists-of two or more of interconnected I beams.

The machine comprises three distinctive mechanisms with their respectivesupports -and actuating devices, and the connections required for theirsystematic, operation at determinate periods ina cyclic movement.

The mechanisms referred to are, first: a punchin and riveting mechanismwhich at the he end of the machine, punches holes 'pe, automaticallyprojects oles in each cyclic operation ment of the rivets into the ofthe machine.

Before proceeding With a detailed description of the co-operatingmechanisms of the machine, attention is called to the fact that theconstruction shown in the drawings is designed for connecting thelapping portions of the pipe by two rows of rivets arranged in staggeredrelation to each other as illustrated in Figure 26 of the drawings.

This method of riveting the pipes obviously requires duplex means forpu-nch ing the holes, feeding the rivets thereto and clinching the endsof the rivets, and inasmuch as in the present construction, said meansare exact duplicates and are inde' pendent of each other except fortheir synchronous actuation by one and the same operating mechanism, thedescription of one of saidme'ans in each mechanism will suflice toconvey a clear and complete understanding of the construction andoperation of the entire machine.

The riveting and punching mec-lmnisni and the feed mechanism are mountedupon the base frame of the machine at opposite ends of a horizontallydisposed mandrel which functions as a support for the pipe section andwhich contains the conduit or conduits through which the rivets,periodically supplied by the feed-mechanism, pass to the holes formed inthe pipe by the operation of the punching tool.

The mandrel, designated in the drawings by the reference character 3, issupported upon standards 4' erected on the base frame at the feed end ofthe machine and upon a vertically adjustable chair or rest 5 at thehead-end of the same.

The riveting and punching mechanism is mounted upon a standard 6 erectedon the base frame at the head end of the machine and includ-in alaterally projecting basal portion for tie support of the beforementioned adjustable rest, and an overhanging arm on which the punchingand riveting head of the mechanism is mounted for vertical reciprocationThe feed mechanism is, in its entirety, mounted upon a rearwardlyprojecting frame 7. which is rigidly fastened at the u per ends of thebefore mentioned standar s at the rear end of the base frame 2.

Removably mounted at the free end of the mandrel between the overhangingarm of the standard 6 and the chair 5, is a head 8 which as best shownin Figures 5 and 6, supports the pipe section to be operated upon by theriveting and punching tools.

To clearly illustrate the operations of the different mechanismsembodied in the machine, upon the lapping portions of the metal pipe,the latter has been shown in its relative position in several of theviews and 'has in each instance been designated by the reference letterW.

The head 8 consists of a block 9 provided with a circular shank 10 forits insertion in the end of the hollow mandrel, and a shell 12 in whichthe block is fitted. The shell has a tapering end portion whichfacilitates the placement of the pipe upon the mandrel and which ispreferably provided with openings for the a plication of a tool tofacilitate the with rawal of the head from the mandrel. A bolt 13fastens the block and its shell against relative displacement.

The shell has at its sides, parallel flanges 14 which are apertured forthe sliding support of pairs of rods 15 upon which are mounted theforming and sizing rollers 16. The upper and lower faces of the shellare concentrically circular to fit within the pipe section and therollers are relatively posi-' tioned to engage the inner surface of thepipeat the sides thereof and thereby co operate with said faces inholding the pipe in true cylindrical form while its lapping edgesarebeing riveted together.

The purpose of slidably supporting the rods with which the rollers areconnected is to permit of a forward movement of the latter when thecarriage to which the pipe section is connected, reaches the end of itsforward travel, and thereby allow of the application of rivets at theextreme end of the pipe, as will hereinafter be more fully described.

The block of the head has in its upper surface, a series of recesseswhich are adapted to hold anvils 17 for the support of the rivets whiletheir ends are being upset, to provide passages 18 for the slugs punchedout of the metal by the action of the punch ing tools, and to containthe rivet guiding and placing members at the ends of the feed conduits,which in the operation of the machine, function to direct the rivetsinto the holes of the pipe. a

The' anvils 17 consists of cylindrical blocks which are fitted in thecorrespondingly shaped recesses of the mandrel head adjacent the forwardend thereof, the recesses 18 at the opposite end of the head constitutewells which receive the slugs punched out of the metal in forming therivet holes, and are continued into slanting passages 19 that open as at19 in the sides of the shell 12 for the discharge of the slugs outsidethe head, and the recesses which hold the rivet guiding and placingmembers of the feed mechanism, are formed intermediate of the otherrecesses at the ends of partially curved channels 20 which are continuedto the end of the shank 10 of the head, and connect with conduits 21which extend longitudinally through the hollow mandrel, to the timingelement of the feed mechanism at the rearward end thereof, as willhereinafter be more fully described.

The rivet guiding members hereinbefore referred to, each consist, asbest shown in Figures 7 and 11 of the drawings, of a pair of jawspreferably pivotally mounted upon a support 23 which is fastened in therespective recess of the mandrel head by means of machine bolts 24. Thejaws 25 meet centrally above the channel 20, and they are interiorlytapered to spread apart as shown in Figure 11, by the impact of a rivetforcibly projected through the channel in the operation of the feedmechanism. Coiled springs 27 placed in recesses of the support 23beneath tail pieces at the lower ends of the jaws, serve to yieldinghold said member-sin their normal position shown in Figure 7.

The jaws function in the operation to direct the rivets into the holesof the lapping portions of a pipe supported on the mandrel, and afterthe rivets, which in the drawings have been designated by the letter R,have passed beyond the jaws and the latter have reassumed their normalposition, they are supported on the heads thereof until the pipe inwhich they are inserted, is advanced to the position in which the rivetsrest upon the anvils, as will hereinafter be described.

The punching and riveting mechanism of the machine comprises a plungerhead 28 which is fitted for vertical reciprocation in a slideway of theoverhanging arm of the standard 6. The head, as shown in Figures 5, 22and 23, is hollow and it carries at its lower end a stock 29 which holdsthe riveting hammers 30 and the punches 31 of the mechanism.

The stock has a flange which rests upon a should-er at the lower end ofthe plungerhead and it is secured by means of a gag 32 and a wedge key33, the latter of which is tightened by nuts 34 on a threaded stud 35which extends from a side of the head 28 through an opening in its end.

The tools 30 and 31 are of cylindrical form and have at the ends oftheir shanks beveled beads by means of which they are suspended incorrespondingly formed openings of an assembling plate 36 which isfastened at the lower end of the tool stock by a flange nut- 37. Theplate is held against rotation by a tenon, which is fitted in acorrespondingly formed groove in the adjoining surface of the stock.

It will be apparent that the above described method of fastening thetools to the reciprocating head permits of their ready removal andreplacement in case of wear or breakage.

The head 28 is ieciprocated in the operation of the machine, through theinstrumentality of an eccentric 38 on a shaft 42 which extendstransversely to the direction of its reciprocating movement. Theeccentric is disposed inside the hollow head and gives motion to aloosely surrounding ring 39, the downwardly extending stem 40 of which,terminates in a spherical knob 41. The eccentric ring engages with abearing block 43 at the upper end of the head in which it has itsmovement, and the knob. at the end of its stem bears in acorrespondingly formed depression of a wear block 44 at the lower end ofthe head.

The rotary movement of the shaft is through the medium of the eccentricconverted into a linear reciprocating movement of the, head which causesthe tools at the lower end thereof, to intermittently engage with thepipe section supported on the mandrel, it being understood that thehammers and'the punches of thehend are alined respectively with theanvils 17 and the wells 18 of the head at the end of the mandrel.

A wedge 45 in the slideway is longitudinally adjustable to take up wearand thereby preventlateral motion of the head during its reciprocatingmovement.

The shaft 42 whiclris supported in bearings on the standard 6, is heldagainst longitudinal displacement by collars 46 at its end protrudingforward of the arm in which the plunger head has its movement, and agear wheel 47 loosely mounted on the shaft, meshes with a pinion 48 on adrive shaft 49 which is mounted on brackets of the standard 6 andcarries a fly wheel 50.

A clutch member 5i slidably mounted on the shaft 42 is adapted to securethe rotative continuity of the gear wheel 47 with the shaft and itspositions are controlled through the medium of a hand lever 52 which isfulcrumed on the standard 6 as at 53.

A link 54 connects the lever with a bell crank which through the mediumof a coiled spring on a connecting rod 56, gives motion to a second bellcrank 57. A push rod 58 co-operates with a cam face on the slidingclutch member, to separate it from the gear wheel and a forked bellcrank 57 is connected in a circumferential groove of the member to moveit in the opposite direction. The push rod has a lever connection withthe before mentioned rod 56, to be moved to and from its operativeposition through the medium of the bell crank 55 and the therewithconnected lever 52 which extends forward of the overhanging arm of thestandard to be within easy reach of an operator standing at the head endof the machine.

A springpressed friction brake 59 engaging with said collar at the endof the shaft 42 insures immediate discontinuation of the rotary movementof the shaft when the clutch member is disengaged from the gear wheel47.

The pipe section W which, as stated hereinbefore, is in the operation ofthe machine,

intermittently advanced to space the rivets by which its lapping edgesare connected, is to this end fastened to a carriage which is mounted tomove lengthwise of the mandrel upon two rails 65 arranged at oppositesides thereof. The carriage which, in the drawings, is designated by thereference numeral 60, is composed of a body 61 and two laterallyprojecting wings 62 which fit inside the end of the pipe section andextend partially beyond the same. Eccentric clamps 63 on the outerportions of the wings, forcibly engage with the outer surface of thepipe to secure it to the carriage.

The pipe section thus fastened fits snugly around the upper and lowerbearing surfaces of the head at the end of the mandrel and it"isinterio-rly engaged by the sizing rolls 16 which co-operate with saidsurfaces to maintain the pipe in true cylindrical form. The pipe at thepoint at which it engages the head, is supported upon the beforementioned chain, or rest 5 whichconsists of a hollowed scat swivelled atthe upper end of a screw 67 which extends into a correspondinglythreaded opening in the basal portion of the standard 6.

The rails 65 upon which the sliding carriage is supported are mounted onbenches 66 which are fastened to the base frame of the machine andextend transversely beneath the mandrel of the same. Guide ways atopposite sides of the benches serve to slidably support a pair ofratchet bars 68 which in the operation of the machine, function tointermittently advance the carriage and the therewith connected pipesections a distance equal to the spaces of their teeth.

The equidistantly spaced teeth of the ratchet bars are to this endengaged by gravity pawls 69 mounted at opposite sides of the carriage inengagement with hand levers 70 which provide a convenient means todisengage the pawls from the ratchet bars for the relative adjustment ofthe carriage.

In the operation of the machine, the ratchet bars are intermittentlyadvanced a distance equal to the spaces of their teeth by an eccentricon the shaft 42, the ring of which has an upwardly extending arm 71.

A lever 72 fulcrumed as at 73 on top of the standard 6, is at one of itsends connected to the eccentric arm and its opposite end is through themedium of a rod 74, connected with a crank-arm 75 on a rocker shaft 77,which is mounted in bearings 76 on the base frame of the machine. Arms78 at the ends of the shaft, which extend upwardly and at right anglesto the arm 75, are connected with the two ratchet bars 68 by means oflinks 79.

The extreme rearward position of the carriage to which it is adjusted atthe beginning of the operation, is determined by an ad justablestop-collar 80 on the mandrel 3 and its said rearward adjustment iseffected throughthe medium of a winding drum 81 with'which it isconnected by means of a cable 82. The drum 81 is mounted on a shaft 83which is supported in hearings on the base frame of the machine andwhich, by means of a pulley S1. is connected with the same line shaft orother source of power, which imparts motion to the drive shaft 49 of theriveting mechanism and to the moving members of the feed mechanismhereinafter to be described. I i

' A sliding clutch 85 engages the pulley to secure orbreak its rotativecontinuity with the shaft and a hand lever 86 fulcrumed as at 8?, isconnected with the clutch to more it to and from its operative position.The cable is at: its ends, attached to the carriage and to the drum uponwhichit winds, and it is trained around a sheave 88 which is mounted onbrackets 89 on one of the-standards4": which support the man drel at therear end of the structure.

The feed "mechanism of the machine. whichas stated hereinbetorc. isassembled upon a fiamc T projecting rearwardly from the standards 4-,comprises a stationary hopper 90 which-by means of a partition 91, isdivided into two compartments 1 which separately provide the rivetsrequired forthe two rows by which the lapping edges of the pipes arefastened together.

The hopper is mounted upon a, support 92 which is chambered to house theparts by which the rivets contained in the compartments of the hopperare conducted to the timing element of the mechanism.

The parts above referred to comprise a reciprocating blade 93 which inthe duplex construction shown in the drawings, is branched to extend atopposite sides of the partition 91, and which in its lower portion, hasa transverse groove 94 for its operative connection with a crank 95 atthe end of a shaft 96 mountediin a bearing on the support 92. A gearwheel 97 on the shaft meshes with a pinion 98 on a drive shaft '99 whichby means of a belt- 100, is connected with the line shaft or othersource of energy.

The two members of the blade have at their upper edges longitudinalgrooves adapted to receive the shanks of the rivets, and their saidedges slant so as to bring their grooves in alinement with correspondinggrooves or slideways in a rivet chute 101 when the blade is at the endof the upward stroke of its reciprocating motion. The chute 101 isfastened to the support of the hopper and its slidewavs connect at theirlower ends with the timing element of the feed mechanism which causesthe rivets to more singly and at regular intervals to the feed conduits21, which connect with the channels of the mandrel head as hereinbeforedescribed.

At the upper edgeof the partition 91 of the hopper, are hinged blades102 which are normally held in a position in which they slant over thegrooved edges of the rivet-carrier 93 by means of springs 103 as shownin Figure 16 of the drawing. The yielding blades serve in the operationof the machine, to remove rivets other than those extending in thegrooves of the carrier, which were carried upwardly from the masscontained int'he hopper, and thereby pre= vent of their being spilledonto the slideways of the chute and of their possible interference withthe operation of the timing element. i v i The timing element shown indetail .in Figures 17 to 22 inclusive, of thedrawings, comprises a shaft106-which is rotatably supported in bearingslO-t-at the end of the rivetchute andon a standard 107 of the frame 7. The: shaftds, inithe"operation of the machine, intermittently oscillated through theinstriunentality of toggle arms 108 and 109, which, by means of a rod110, are conuected'wit'li a slottedcrank 112 on a shaft 113 rotatablymounted in hearings on the frame. A pinion. 114.- on the shaft 113meshes with a.- sliding rack 115 and this rack is by means ofa link 116connected to move in conjunction with one 10f the ratchet bars68.1 I .1

At the lower end of-the rivet chute are chambers 117.,into which therilvets passing through its slideways, areidischarged singly and atregular intervals through the instrumentality of the timing element.Short conduits 118 connect. the chambers; 117\ with curved passages 105in a block 119 which is fastened upon thenframe 7 and which, inconjunction with the piece in which the conduits are; formed, providesa;:support for the end of the chute. I

The passages 105' connect, as shown in Figure 12,.vith the ends of theconduits 21. extending through the hollow mandrel and they have branches120 extending rearwardly through the block 119 for their connection withpipes 121 leading from a conveniently located source of air underpressure. The passage of the rivets from the chambers 11? to the pipe 21is automatically controlled by a rotary valve 122 :when in the movementof the toggle, the rivets are fed from the chute to the transfer memberof the timing element the valve 122 is closed to prevent the compressedair supplied to the ducts 105 from interferin with the op eration. Themovement of the valve is effected through the medium of a cam 124 fixedon the. rotary toggle shaft and engaging with an arm 123 on the valve. Asprin best. shown in nigures 21 and 25, connected with the arm holds itin constant engagement with a pin at the end of the cam.

Rotatahly mounted on the shaft 106 are the two members 125 and 126 ofthe timing element which co-operate to feed the rivets passing throughthe chute, into the chamber 117 communicating with the conduits 21 inthe mandrel. The two members are mounted one within the other and theyhave oppositely extending sleeves inside the bearings 101 .in which theelement is supported. The sleeves have at their ends segmental slots1-33 and 134, best shown in Figures 18 and 20 of the drawings, and theshaft has radially projecting studs 135 and 136, which extend in therespective slots to engage with shoulders at the ends thereof.

In the normal position of the members, the stud 135 is engaged by :theshoulder of the slot in the inner member 125, rearward thereof with:relation to the forward direction of rotation of the shaft 106 asindicated by the arrows in Figures 17 18 and 20, and the stud 136engages with the shoulder of the slot in the mner member which isforward thereof with respect to the same movement of the shaft.

; ()ppo-sitely wound torsion springs 127 and 128 coiled around the shaftare at their ends connected with the sleeves of the members 125 and 126and with collars 129 and 130 which are fixed on the shaft at oppositesides of the bearings 104.

The inner cylindrical member 125 of the timer has pockets 131 whichnormally connect with the slideways of the chute and which, in theoperation of the device, function to carry the rivets singly to theorifices of the chambers 117 through which they pass into the passages1-05 of the block 119.

The outer member 126 of the timer, consists .of a segmental shell whichfits around the inner member, and a sharp-edged blade 12-52 which in theoperation of the timer, moves across the ends of the slideways of thechute to separate the rivets which had passed into the pockets of theinner member, from the others and to hold the rivets in the slidewaysagainst downward motion while the inner member carries its lead to thepoint of discharge.

In the operation of the timer, the shaft 106 turned in the direction ofthe arrows through the medium of the toggle movement, causes the spring127 to unwind while the spring 128, which is coiled in the oppositedirection, is tensioned and thereby transmits the movement of the shaftto the cutoff member 126.

The member rotates with the shaft until the end of its blade 132 engageswith a shoulder on the rivetchute in which position it separates therivets which previously had entered the pockets of the transfer member125 from those in the slideways.

After the member 126 has thus completed its operative movement, the stud135 on the shaft contacts with the shoulder in the slot of the innermember, opposite to that it normally engages, the stud having passedidly through said slot while the outer member had its operativemovement.

The engagement of the stud with the shoulder of the slot causes thetransfer memher 125 to follow the movement of the shaft, until after ithas discharged the rivets .carried in its pockets into the chambers 117,when the movement of the shaft is reversed and the springs return themembers to their original position.

it will be observed that during the continued rotation of the shaftafter the member 126 has reached the end of its operative movement, thestud 136 moves idly through the slot 134 and re-engages the shoulderthereof during the opposite .movement of the shaft to return the memberto its original position.

The pipe 121 which connects the conduits 21 in the mandrel with a sourceof air under pressure, passes over the machine in close proximity to theoverhanging arm of the standard 6 where it is within easy reach of theoperator.

A valve 137, which normally closes the pipe, is adapted to be opened bythe upward movement of its downwardly extending stein which is engagedby a push bar 138 slidably mounted on the housing 28 of the plunger head29. The lower end of the push bar extends in the path of a cam 139 onthe shaft 42, which is arran ed to lift the same and thereby open the vave at the time that the riveting head, after having engaged with thework on the mandrel, moves upwardly in its reciprocating motion.

A bell crank lever 140, disposed to contact with the valve stem,independent of the push bar, is engaged by the end of a pull rod 141when it is desired to open the valve by hand, as may be required todislodge a rivet sticking in one of the passages or conduits throughwhich the rivets move, 01' to supply a rivet to the work in case thetiming element has accidentally failed to deliver the rivets at theregular period in the cyclic operation.

Another valve 142 in the pipe 121, at the head end of the machine, isprovided to shut off the supply of air when the machine is not inoperation. The valve is operated by hand and its lever is by means of achain or cord 143 connected with a spring-pressed brakeshoe 144 which ispivotally mounted at the lower end of the rivet chute of the feedmechanism The shoe normally engages with the heads of the lowermostrivets in the slideways to hold them against downward movement andthereby interrupt the supply of rivets to the timing element in case itis desired to discontinue the feeding action while the machine is inoperation. When the valve 142 is in its closed position, the shoeengages the rivets in the chute and by its weight holds them againstdownward motion while if the valve is subsequently opened, the pull onthe rope or cable 143 by rotation of the valve, raises the shoe andpermits the rivets to more downwardly to the timer at the same time thatthe air is supplied to move the rivets to the forward end of the machineas hereinbefo-re described.

The fcedJnechanism illustrated in Figures 27 to .29 inclusive, differsfrom that hereinabove described, in that it. operates without the aid offluid pressure.

The rivets supplied through the medium of a timing mechanism as in thefirst described construction, fill the conduits 21 and the passagesconnected therewith, in a continuous series extending from the point atwhich they enter to that at which they are insertedqin the holes of thepipe on the mandrel;

Pressure :exerted upon any one rivet of the'series at the feed end ofthe machine is transmitted through the others to the rivet at theforward end of the feed line, which consequently is pushed past theguiding members25 into the holes of the pipe section. i

The distance between the feed and riveti'ng'mechanisms of the machine,at opposite ends of the mandrel, makes it imperative that the series ofrivets be impelled at as many intermediate points as may be neces saryto prevent of their line being buckled in the conduits.

With this end in view, the feed mechanism includes a number ofco-operatively associated propelling members which are arranged atregular intervals inside the mandrel and which operate in conjunctionwith the timing element, to intermittently engage with the rivets in theconduits 21 and forcibly move them a distance substantially equal to thelength of one of them.

The conduits 2]. are made in sections connected by interdisposed blocks148 which provide a support for the propelling means abovereferred to.The blocks are bored to provide a continuous passage for the rivets inconjunction with the sections of the conduits between which they aredisposed and their upper surfaces are recessed to admit the co-operatingparts of the mechanism arranged in the upper portion of the mandrel.

Slides 146 supported in the rectangular recess of each block, contiguousto the sides thereof, are engaged by spring blades 158 whichfrictionally restrain their independent movement.

Bell cranks 157 are fulcrumed to and between the slides of each of theseveral supports disposed in the mandrel, and they conjointly supporttwo bars 147 and 151 which are p-ivotally connected at the ends of theirarms.

The bar 151 which is disposed above the other, is separated therefrom byinterposed distance pieces 152 made of rubber or other suitable materialand it has at its end, projccting beyond the rear end of the mandrel, arack which meshes with a pinion 154 on a shaft 155 of the togglemovement of the timer.

The bar 147 carries a number of push heads 146 which extend intolongitudinal slots 145 of the conduit 21. The heads which straddle thebar, fit in grooves in the opposite sides thereof and their lower endsare bifurcated as shown in l igure 29, to permit of their straddling theshanks of the rivets in the conduit when by downward movement of the bar147, they are constrained to enter the conduit through the slotsthereof. The heads 146 are held in place on the bar 147 by springs 150which permit of their yielding displacement in the event of their comingin contact with the edges of the rivet heads as may accidentally occur.

In the operation of the mechanism, the bar 151 is intermittentlyreciprocated in synchronous operation with the timing element of theautomatic feed. The longitudinal movement of the bar is by rotation ofthe bell cranksabout their fulcrums on the slides 156. converted into adownward movement of the bar 147 with the result that the heads 146 areentered between adioining rivets in the conduit 21, it being understoodthat the slides are restrained from following the movement of the rackbar by the spring blades 158. Then, however, the bar 147 is held againstfurther downward motion by its contact with the conduit 21, thecontinued longitudinal movement of the rack bar causes the slides tomove in conjunction therewith, thereby imparting a longitudinal movementto the bar 147 and to the rivets with which its heads engage.

The entire line of rivets is thus fed a distance equal to the length ofone of them with the result that the rivet at the forward end of theline is forcibly inserted into the holes in the lapping portions of thepipe on the mandrel, while another rivet is added to the line at thefeed end of the machine by the simultaneous action of the timingelement.

Having thus described the construction of the rivetinq machine in itspreferred and modified forms. the cyclic operation of its interrelatedelements and mechanisms will be readily understood. The operatorstanding at the head-end of the machine fastens the end of apipe-section to be riveted, to the carriage 60 bv means of the clamps 63and after havine' lifted the pawls 69 to their inoperative positionthrough the medium of the levers 70, causes the carriage to moverearwardly along its rails into engagement with the previously adjustedstop 80, by rotation of the winding drum 21. hen the carriage is in thisposition, the free end of the pipe section rests, with its lapping edgesupper-most, upon the head oi the mandrel, and the latter is supportedupon the vertically' adjustable chair 5.

With the parts thus positioned, the operator first actuates thereciprocating punching and riveting head by movement of the controllinglever 52, in order to producethe first; pair of holes in the lappingportions of the pipe at the extreme end thereof. He subsequently opensthe air line by adjustment of the valve 142 and at the same timereleasesthe rows of rivets in the chute of the feed mechanism which wereheld against downward movement by the frictional enga 'ement of the shoe144.

fJm-ing the subsequent upward movement of the punching and rivetinghead, the reciprocating: ratchet-bars 68 cause the carriage and thetherewith connected pipe section, to move forwardly a distance equal tothe spaces between its teeth, and the rack 115 engaging with the pinion114, operates the timing element as hereinbefore de scribed, with theresult that two rivets are separately fed into the chambers 117. Duringthe last mentioned operation, the valve 122 is opened by the action ofthe cam 24 on the rotary toggle shaft, upon its stem 123 and the rivetspass from the chambers into the curved channels 105 communicating withthe conduits 21. After the valve 122 has subsequently been returned toits closed position, the cam 139 on the rotating shaft 42 opens thevalve 137 which admits the pressure fluid supplied to the pipe 121 tothe channels. The fluid forcibly projects the rivets through theconduits 21 and past the spreading jaws 25, into the holes previouslypunched in the lapping ends of the pipe section, which by the forwardmovement of the carriage were brought in register with the delivery endsof the channels 20.

The jaws 25 direct the rivet. to move straight into the alined holes ofthe pipe, and when closed together by their springs after the rivet headhas passed their upper ends, they provide conjointly a support upon wiich the rivet rests until, by the next forward movement of thecarriage, the pipe section is again advanced.

After the rivets are placed, the automatic valves in the air line arereturned to their closed position, and the punching; tools on thedescending head. produce a second pair of holes in the pipe section.During the subsequent upward movement of the reciprocating head. thepipe section is again advanced and a pair of rivets is inserted in thelast two holes as before, and the rivets which were placed in the holesby the first operation. are now positioned on the anvils 17 of themandrel head and beneath the riveting: hammers ot' the reciprocatingplunger head which. in the following downward movement oi the head,upset the ends thereof.

In the continued operation of the machine, one pair of rivets isclinched, and a pair of holes is punched by each downward movement ofthe reciprocating head, and the pipe is advanced and a pair of rivets isinsorted into the holes produced in the preceding action, during eachupward movement. of the head, and the lapping portions of the pipesection are thus rive-ted together along the entire length thereof.

When the carriage to which the pipe is attached. approaches the head atthe forward end 0 f the mandrel, it pushes the sizing rolls 16 out ofits way by engagement with the sliding rods 15 on which they are mountedand thereby permits of the appli cation of rivets at the very end of thepipe at which it is attached to the carriage by the. clamps 63.

It will be understood that the mandrel head and the sizing rollsco-operate to hold the pipe in true cylindrical form during theriveting: operation and that in order to adapt the machines for rivetinga pipe of different, diameter, it is necessary that the head at the endof the mandrel be replaced by one of corresponding size.

The machines may be operated under constant control of the operator byreversing the clutch lever 52 each time a; pair of rivets has been stuckin the holes of the pipe, or the operation of the machine may berendered automatic by fastening the lever in its adjusted position inwhich the movable clutch member engages its correlative on the gearwheel 47.

In the automatic operation, the pipe is advanced and rivets are fed intothe holes thereof alternately With the operative movements of thereciprocating punching and riveting head and the actions are continuedin cyclic alternation until the entire pipe has been riveted.

hen the operator desires to discontinue the operation. he interrupts therivet-feed by closing the valve 142, which causes the supply of fluidpressure to be discontinued and whose movement is at the same timeinstrumental in arrestingthe passage of the rivets to the timingelement, through the medium of the pressure-shoe 144.

If, as may accidentally occur, a rivet. becomes lodged in the feed lineor the feeding action is otherwise interrupted, a blast of air suppliedby manually opening the valve 137 is, in most instances, suiiicient torestore the regular order of successive operations,

'closes the connections between the chambers of the timing element andthe conduits 21 during the intervals between the feeding actions,prevents air from entering the chamhers when the valve 137 is opened.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to secure by LettersPatent is:

1. In a riveting machine, a work-support, a riveting and punchingelement, an element adapted to feed rivets to holes of work on thesupport, an element for supplying rivets to the feed element, both thefeed element and the supply element being controlled by movement of thefirst mentioned element, and a spacing element adapted to advance thework alternately with the operations of the other elements.

2. In a riveting machine, a Work-support having a passage for rivets toholes in the work, and a pair of pivoted, inwardly taper ing rigidjaws'at the end of the passage adapted to co-operatively direct into ahole of the work, arivet passing between them.

3. In a riveting machine, a work-support having a passage for rivets toholes in the work, and a pair of spring-pressed, pivoted jaws at the endof the passage, separable by the passage of a rivet between them andconjointly providing a support for a rivet in a hole of the work, whenclosed together.

4. In a riveting machine, a tool stock, an assembly plate immovablyclamped against an end thereof, and having counter sunk openings, andheaded tools in said 0 nings, engaging with said end of the stock.

5. In a pipe riveting machine, a work-support comprising a mandrelhaving a head provided with concentric bearing surfaces, and rollers onthe head co-operating with said surfaces to size a pipe supported on themandrel, by contact with the lnner sur face of the pipe.

6. In a pipe riveting machine, a riveting tool, a work-supportcomprising a mandrel having a head adapted to support a ipe for theoperation of the riveting tool, a carriage with means thereon to fastena pipe, mechanism for propelling the carriage,'and sizing rollersmovable on the head to ad vance with the carriage at the termination ofits operative movement, whereby to permit of its bringin the end of apipe at which it is fastene to the carriage, in line with the rivetingtool.

7. In a pipe riveting machine, a pipe supporting mandrel, a carriagehaving a member to enter a pipe supported on the mandrel, and clamps onthe carrier engaging exteriorly of the pipe and co-operating with themember to fasten the pipe to the carriage.

8. In a riveting machine, a normally stationary mandrel, a carriageadapted to advance the work on the mandrel and having means for itsattachment to a pipe around the mandrel, propelling mechanism for thecarriage, an adjustable stop on the mandrel to limit the return movementof the carriage, and mechanism to move the carriage to engagement withthe stop.

9. In a riveting machine, a work-support, a carriage to advance the workon the support, propelling mechanism for the carria e, and power-drivenmechanism to effect t 6 return movement of the carriage. I

10. In a riveting machine, a'work-support,

a carriage to advance thework on the support,propelling mechanism forthe carri 'a e, a power-driven winding drurnto eifectft e returnmovement of the carriage, and a cable connecting the carriage with thedrum.

11. In a riveting machine, a work-support, a reciprocating riveting tooloperative on work on the support, a carriage to advance the work, areciprocating element to intermittently actuate the carriage, andoperating mechanism including means for the reciprocation of the tool,means to reciprocate the element during idle movement of, the tool, andan element for feeding rivets to work on the support, operated inconjunction with the carriage actuating element.

12. In a riveting machine, a work-support, a riveting element adaptedfor operation on work on the support, a container for rivets, an elementadapted to automatically transfer rivets from said container, singly andat predetermined intervals to work on the support, mechanism for the,

conjoint operation of said elements and independent means forcontrolling the action of the transfer element while the mechanism is inoperation.

13. In a riveting machine, a work-support, a riveting element adaptedfor operation on work on the support, a container for rivets, an elementadapted to transfer rivets from said container to work on the support byfluid pressure, a source of fluid pressure connecting with the transferele ment and o crating mechanism for the conjoint operation of saidelements and means operating in conjunction with said mechanism toautomatically open and close said connection at redetermined periods inthe operation of tlie riveting element.

14. In a riveting machine, a'work-support, a riveting element, arivet-feed element including a channel for conveyin rivets to the work,and means for feeding rivets singly to the channel, a source of fluidpressure, mechanism for the conjoint operation of said elements, andmeans operating in conjunction with said mechanism' to automaticallyconnect the channel with the source at predetermined periods in theoperation of the machine.

'15. In a riveting machine, a work-supei-t, a riveting and punchingelement, an element foi' feedin single rivets intermitten'tly to work onhe support by fiui pressure, a continuously movingdriving mechanisiiiand means for the operation of said elements in cyclic succession by themovemerit of said mechanism. a l

16. Iii a riveting machine, a rivetfeed element ncluding a container forrivets,a rivet-chii e, a lifting forcarryihg rivets from the coiitaiherto'the ch te, and m ets gening? 53 movement of the lifting embe 'fdifremoving surplus rivets carried when. V

'a riifo ting machine, a rivetfeed eliii'en't includiii a container forrivets, a rivet-chute, a lfi tinglmemher for carrying riv'e'fro 'n themalaise: w the taste, and a spr'ihg-i' iifiping Blades the iipper unisho the container fob removing. vSurrivets h m the liltiiig membe'r.

13;,111 riveting machine: ja rivet-feed dentist netting a amiss for;rive -5,, a l'i'tiiig' said container having n ihfaijis fithe sh elsi'ofn of ri'vits by their needs, aha-e, hfite b i ng aj in ar ea as ieee the 'r'i'vetsaiscnargu hem the life we. mean ea i t 19'. In tiv't'iingm n-met xv tk-supmitig ting 3 passa e for rivetsto the work, a rivetchute, means for feeding rivets thereto, a tiliiihelemeht comprising acarriefrmeiiiber adapted to receive i'iv e't's from the ch te transferthem singly and interrfiit ently to saitl pas'sage, andfa cut-ofl'membei'. adaptdjho d other rivets in the chute While the carrier memheroperates, and nilz'riiis' for propelling rivets through the pas sa e. g

In "a riveti llg machine, a 'vvork-suppoit having a passage for rivetsto the work, rivet Q h tfte, means for feeding iivets thereto, a timingelement'comprising an oscillatory carrier member having a pocket toteceive rivets from the cl iute, and transfer them singly to thepassage, and an oscillatory cu't-ofi' member periodically ob s'lriicting. the passage of rivets to the carrier mmber, and means forpropelling rivets throuh the channel.

21. n rivet-feed mechanism for riveting machines, a rivet-chute, meansfor feedin g ritet'sthereto, and a timing element comprising anoscillatory carrier member hava pocket to reeeive rivets from the chute,and an oscillatory cutoff member adapted to periodically obstruct thepassage of rivets to the carrier member.

22. In a rive't feed mechanism for riveting machines, a rivet-chute,means for feeding i i've'ts thereto, angl 'a timing element comprisingan oscillatory shaft, an oscillatory carrier member adapted to receiverive ts from the vhute, an oscillatory cut-ofl' member adapted toobstruct the passage of rivets to the carrier-me her, and torsionsprings connecting the salt with eachof said members, the shaft and themembers having cooprative means to limit the movemeiit of the memberswith the shaft.

23. In a riveting machine, the combination of a work-support having achannel for the passage of rivets to holes iii the woili, a rivetin' andpunching element operating on w'oii on the support, a rivet-container, atiming eleliiehtadapt ed to transfer nivets one at a time from thecontainer to the ch nel, a source of Haiti pressure, a c iidiiit etweeiisaid source and, the chahne a valve.

in the conduit, an element --tb alternately open and close the valvea'nd mechanism for the operation of said elements in cyclic succession.

24. In a riveting ma hine, Work-:upport having a channel on thepassageol rivets to the work, arivettphute, means for transferringrivets f 'oin the chute to the channel, a source of fluid-pressure, aconnection lietween the sourceand the chaniie a valve in saidconnection, Brake normal attest ing the discharge of rivets from tiechute, and means for releasing the brake e5; movement of the valve totheopen position 25. In a riveting machine, the: combinat on of aWork-support, a rivetin and punching element, an element for feedingrivets to holes in the work, an element for supplying rivets to thefeed-elements spaclng element adapted to intermittently advance theW'Qi'li, and mechanism for the operation of said elements in cyclicsuccession.

26. In a riveting machine, the combination of a Worksupport, a riveting,and punching elemeht, an element for feeding rivets to holes in thework, an elemeht for supplying rivets to the feed elemehtfluiclpresshre, a spacin element adapted to intei-mittently advance thewo'rk, and meatanisr'n for the operation of said element's iii cyclicsueoession.

27. In a riveting machine, a vvoik-su port, means for propelling a rivetto a ho e in the work, and adjusting means adapted to automaticallyaline the moving rivet with the hole.

28. In a riveting machine, a ivork-su port, means for propelling a rivetto a ho e in the Work, and readjustmg means adapted to automaticallyalin'e the moving rivet with the hole and to subsequently support therivet in the hole.

29. In a riveting machine, a work-support, a relatively stationarymandrel. a ca-ifriage mounted to move lengthwise of the mandrel andhaving means for its attachment at the end of a J'ipe around themandrel, a reciprocating ratchet bar exteriorly of the mandrel, and agravity pawl on the garriage engaging the teeth of the ratchet 30. In arivetin machine, a work-support, an element f or punching holes in apipe on the support, a container for rivets in arbitrary assemblage,(o-operative elements adapted to automatically remove rivets from saidcontainer and place them singly and at predetermined intervals in anupright position in the holes of the pipe, and mechanism for theconjoint operation of said elements.

31. In a riveting machine, a pipe-support, an element for punching holesin a pipe on the support, a container for rivets in arbitraryassemblage, co-operative ele ments adapted to automatically removerivets from said container and move them singly and at predeterminedintervals through the pipe to an upright position in the holes thereof,and mechanism for the conjoint operation of said elements.

32. In a riveting machine, a hollow mandrel for the support of a pipe,an element for punching holes in a ipe on the mandrel, a container forrivets in arbitrary assemblage, oo-operative elements adapted toantomatically remove rivets from said container and move them singly andat predc termined intervals through the mandrel to an upright positionin the holes of the pipe, and mechanism for the conjoint operation ofsaid elements.

33. In a riveting machine, a Work-support having a channel for thepassage of rivets to the work, a riveting element adapted for operationon work on the support, a magazine for rivets, a source of fluidpressure, a timing element to intermittently transfer rivets singly fromthe magazine to the channel, an element to intermittently connect thechannel with the source, and mechanism for the conjoint operation ofsaid elements.

34. In a riveting machine, a work support having a channel for thepassage of rivets to the work, a riveting element adapted for operationon the work on the support, a magazine for rivets, a source of fluidpressure, a timing element to intermittently transfer rivets singly fromthe magazine to the channel, an element to intermittently connect thechannel With the source, mechanism for the conjoint operation of saidele ments, and adjusting means actuated by the rivets under fluidpressure to automatically aline the rivets with holes in the work.

35. In a riveting machine, a work-support, a reciprocating rivetingelement, a

shaft in operative relation to the element, an element for feedingrivets to the support by fluid pressure, a source of fluid pressure inconnection with the feed element, a valve in said connection, andmechanism actuated by rotation of the shaft to alternately open andclose the valve.

36. In a riveting machine, a work-support having a channel for thepassage of rivets to the work, a rivet-container, a timing elementadapted to transfer rivets one at a time from the container, a rivetpassage between the timing element and the channel, a source of pressurefluid connected with the passage, a valve controlling the flow of fluidto the channel, and a valve controlling the passage, and mechanism forthe operation of the machine, including automatic means tointermittently open each valve alternate- 1y with relation to the other.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature.

JONATHAN R. FREEZE.

